garden pressure sprayers ,low pressure sprayer - Zhejiang Dingfeng Plastic Co., Ltd.

garden pressure sprayers ,low pressure sprayer - Zhejiang Dingfeng Plastic Co., Ltd.

Wheat variety of pests becoming heavy attention to the timely prevention and treatment

As temperatures steady rise, wheat variety of pests, especially to accelerate the development of stripe rust, heavier, prevention and control work has entered a critical period. According to the site and local surveys, wheat stripe rust in mid-December last year, has begun to see in late disease, see the disease early time, degree of emphasis are no past two decades; currently Shen Tan Tan Xiang Zhang Wan Fang The earliest point Kawamura see disease has spread to the whole field and the surrounding fields, more than 60% disease Tian, ​​ill fields diseased leaves rate of 7 - 24%, the local strain rate of 100% (see below photo); recent The temperature and humidity are on stripe rust expansion and spread very favorable, and has begun to enter Sheng epidemic; back sprayers Part Catcher spider, sheath blight, powdery mildew, also has heavier occurred among the one hundred local spider insects of up to 6,000 or more, the amount of 50 single leaf insects more than the amount of 120 insects per plant or more. Therefore, improving the current wheat pest control work is to ensure that the harvest of wheat yield important part localities must seize, grasp, prevention and treatment. Now the main pest control techniques as outlined below:
A, control time
1, wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew: In late March, the first pass drug must be administered, the incidence of heavy plots, in April, the middle and then spraying 1 - 2 times.
2, wheat sheath blight: strain rate of more than 10% of the plots should be timely drug prevention and treatment, the incidence of severe plots interval 7-10 days and then spraying 1 - 2 times.
3, wheat spider: the amount of one hundred insects over 500 plots to drug prevention and treatment.

Second, the control methods
1, wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew: mu 15% triadimefon WP 100 g (2 2), or 20% triadimefon EC 60 ml, 12.5% ​​diniconazole (Wo fruit Lee) 60-80 g , manual sprayers watered 60 kg, 15 kg watered motorized sprayer spray.
2, wheat sheath blight: mu 5,000,000 units Jinggangmycin 50 grams, manual sprayers watered 50 kg, 15 kg watered motorized farm sprayer spray.
3, wheat spider: mu 73% propargite EC 1500 times, or 1.8% abamectin 3000 times, 20% off Hartley 1800 times, 50 kg sprayer watered, watered 15 motorized sprayer kg, jointing noon spraying, after heading 11:00 until 16:00 after spray. Occurred heavier plots should be spaced 7-10 days and then spraying 1 - 2 times.

Hair dryer can blow flat curling wallpaper

Stylish appearance and environmentally friendly material, so dress up wallpaper become a modern family favorite. Wallpaper with a long time, there will inevitably be broken, curling the case,weed killer sprayer the following describes the processing method that allows wallpaper easily restored.

One problem: wallpaper curling

Workaround: Use wallpaper paste powder, wipe the curling place, the warped and hollows, with a hair dryer blowing about 10 seconds, and then hand in real until the cement with a hair dryer blowing dry.

Question two: wallpaper bubbles

Workaround: with a needle in bubbles on the surface of the garish wallpaper and release the gas, using a needle extract the right amount of adhesives, injection needle, which was then driven scraper flat compacted.

Question three: there are stains on the wallpaper

Workaround: drinks, beer and other liquids spilled wallpaper easily with a chemical reaction, can be used to garden sprayer backpack spray the cleaner spray stains, rub with a cloth kept turning in circles, stains will gradually disappear.

Remember that a single use of pesticides

Long-term use of a single pesticide resistance increases every year . In the course of the use of pesticides , pesticide control effect once found a good, long-term continuous use, even anti- drop effect is not replaced, that anti- drop effect is low pesticide content , did not realize that this is caused by long-term single use of a pesticide consequences. As 1978 6000 times with Fenpropathrin spider mite control , the control efficiency above 98%, now with 1000 times less than 50% control efficiency . backpack weed sprayers The country has more than 30 kinds of insects, 10 kinds of diseases that cause resistance to pesticides , farmers use to increase the dosage of the ways to improve the control effect , the results for the screening of the antibiotic into stronger offspring, continue to improve the drug concentration , worms resistant to further improve , resulting in a vicious cycle , do not solve the problem. Therefore, in the course of the use of pesticides , must pay attention to several pesticides alternating rotating, or reasonably mixed , thus extending the useful life and improve control effect.

Mixed use of pesticides, pay attention to a reasonable match. Should use a different mechanism of action of pesticides used interchangeably or in accordance with a reasonable physical and chemical properties of pesticides mixed use , so not only can improve the control effect,perfume sprayer but also delay the generation of pest resistance . Pesticide mixtures should pay attention to the following questions: ① after mixing pesticides increased efficacy or effect independently of each other , a

Pay attention to the effect of improving medication medication Flowers

1 dilution powder into a paste with water , and then multiple dilution ; cream , liquid in the sprayer should be loaded within 1/ 4 of the water and then poured into drug shake, and pour into the amount of water ; powder, emulsion and manure mixed , should be dissolved powder , adding 80 times of water , then mixed with cream , and finally mixed with fertilizer , red enough water chemical sprayer spraying. A variety of pharmaceutical and fertilizer mix , mixed with the use to be with , do not keep well , so as not to reduce the efficacy.

(2) the general dilution dilution 500-1500 times , pest prevention desirable when the minimum concentration ; pest control young desirability moderate concentrations ; peak and kill pests older , crusty pests , should take the maximum concentration . In floriculture , often is the same pest hazards, so sterilization, insecticide, fertilizer should simultaneously. But the pH of different agents can not be mixed fertilizers , and the mixture can not be more than three kinds . The mixing concentration of : barrel of water sterilizing agent 25-30 g , 20-25 g of pesticides , fertilizers and 50 grams.

3 application time and method of 17:00 ( positive leaves holes open ) liquid sprayer spraying absorb the best, and no sunburn , can reduce injury. Less easily decomposed in light use efficiency Zineb , Fenaminosulf , phoxim and other agents should be carried out on a cloudy day or in the evening , when it rains it rains before or not spraying . Spraying a mist as well, and the entire plant to be sprayed .

Tobacco scientific use of pesticides

Pesticides on the development of human civilization, agriculture has played an important role, especially in controlling risk , when the outbreak of pests and diseases , pesticides also show an irreplaceable role . However, in the course of pesticides on the air, soil and water will cause a certain degree of pollution, which requires scientific use of pesticides, with the least amount of the most effective pest control for maximum economic, social , ecological and environmental benefits.

In view of the status of tobacco production ,plastic sprayer  the State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Science and Technology Education proposed the development of "pollution-free tobacco " new ideas, relying on science and technology can make use of the use of pesticides near or at the effects of pollution . Despite the development of biological pesticides now in full swing, but it is widely used in the tobacco need to take time .

1 associated with the spraying of pesticides technical parameters

1.1 LD50 (ld50)

LD50 is the result of a biological experiment death of the individual populations of 50% of the dose. According to China Pesticide Toxicology grading standards , rat oral : ld50 <5mg/kg are highly toxic pesticides, such as " aldicarb " original drug ld50 of 1.0mg / kg; ld50 is 5 ~ 50mg/kg is a highly toxic pesticides such as " omethoate " original drug ld50 is 47mg/kg; ld50 of 50 ~ 500mg/kg belong moderately toxic pesticides, such as " fenvalerate " original drug ld50 is 451mg/kg; ld50> 500mg/kg belong toxicity pesticides, such as "In addition to bud through" the original drug ld50 of 1250mg / kg; ld50> 2000mg/kg are practically non toxic pesticides, such as pest control tobacco warehouse "insurable special" original drug ld50 is 34600mg/kg. ld50 reflect pesticides on the environment or the degree of harm to humans and animals by improving the formulation processing technology, can achieve low toxicity of highly toxic pesticides , toxic pesticide poisoning micro . weed sprayer Such as " decis " the active ingredient is " deltamethrin ", " deltamethrin " original drug ld50 is 138.7mg/kg, belonging to moderately toxic , processed into 2.5% EC ( " decis " ) after , ld50 is 535mg/kg, belonging to low toxicity pesticides. " Aldicarb " original drug is very poisonous, but commonly used to control aphids Tobacco 15% "iron aldicarb " granules (ld50 is 10.6mg/kg) is highly toxic .

1.2 Half-life (dt1 / 2)

Pesticide degradation half-life is a measure of the degree of difficulty of the targets. It reflects the pesticide sustained effect on pest control and pesticide residues levels. Long half-life of the pesticide persistence length to pests and diseases , can in a very long time to maintain the role of harmful organisms performance, but it is also the source of pesticide residue formation . dt1 / 2 <3 months of easily degradable pesticides ; dt1 / 2 of 3 to 12 months for the middle of pesticide residues ; dt1 / 2> 12 months for the long pesticide residues. Early use of arsenic , lead and mercury preparations half-life of 10 to 30 years ; half-life of organochlorine pesticides in 2 to 4 years , the half-life of organophosphorus pesticides are generally a few weeks to a few months ( " phoxim " the half-life in soil is 34d),water sprayer  carbamate pesticides generally only a half-life of ~ 4 weeks ( " aldicarb " In the half-life of fresh tobacco 14.4d), pyrethroids , sprouting products and herbicides half-life of a few days ( " deltamethrin " In the half-life of fresh tobacco 2.1 ~ 4.2d; " in addition to bud through" in the half-life of fresh tobacco 2 ~ 4d; Napropamide in the half-life of fresh tobacco 3 ~ 4d).

Tobacco Vegetable Production

Tobacco contains nicotine, nicotine insecticidal effect on humans, animals and the environment and will not cause any damage. Tobacco use in ancient China , there leachate control of plant pests records.bottle plastic sprayer Tobacco root , leaf and stem contains a lot of nicotine . Cigarette factory production process produces smoke dust, tobacco stems , moldy tobacco, tobacco, tobacco growers managed to lay a smoke when the top , the smoke of a tree, the old diseased leaves , harvest stem and root residues , etc., can be used to prepare the crude extract preparation.

Mode of action : contact and stomach poison, aversion and fumigation .

Control target: various vegetables aphids, cabbage worm , leafminers , mites, cabbage webworm and onion thrips .

Preparation and use: 1kg chopped tobacco leaves and stems in 15L water soak for 24 hours, plus a small amount of soap do emulsifiers, tobacco residue filtered after 24 hours , with a small piece spray garden water sprayer spraying.

How to prevent chlorine poisoning

Chlorine is the paper industry is one important chemical raw material , but also a strong toxic gases. In the production process due to improper operation, equipment, pipe leakage reasons, often chlorine escape, pollute the environment and endanger human . Long-term low concentrations of chlorine in the work environment for operators on how to prevent poisoning ?

According to the information , when the concentration of chlorine in 1PPM (1mg/cm2) below has little effect on the human body , but when the concentration exceeds 3PPM when you feel uncomfortable.

Chlorine is harmful to the human body , to prevent and reduce chlorine poisoning. The first is to strengthen the sense of responsibility, strict compliance with the process safety rules and operations , followed in the production process of the chlorine gas pipelines, gaskets, valves, etc. should be regularly checked and found leaks must be promptly replaced . Check for leaks available low pressure sprayerchlorine or ammonia rubbed with a brush dipped law . Because ammonia and ammonium chloride, chloride will be generated in the air to form white smoke . Third , the need for the prevention of poisoning and poisoning the necessity of self-help and mutual aid when knowledge and education . If they do not appear next to the escape of chlorine gas masks , the available water soaked towel handkerchief masks or cover your nose and mouth, quickly evacuated to the ventilation direction , and quickly correct wearing gas masks cut off the source of leakage of chlorine .

When using liquid chlorine cylinder , due to thermal expansion than just bottles of liquid chlorine thermal expansion coefficient a few times, so the liquid chlorine cylinder storage , transport, use, must be non-collision , exposure or baking to prevent cylinder explosion .agricultural sprayers  After chlorine chlorine cylinder filling , storage time should not exceed three months.

Knapsack sprayer fired rice pests " annihilation

Recent positive hybrid rice tillering to jointing stage round stalk , due to climatic reasons , leaf roller and planthoppers intrusion, the main hazards to feeding rice leaf roller Inaba , causing Inaba rolled up , the whole white leaf blight , leaf photosynthesis can not be normal , empty husks rate increased , weight decreased, resulting in production. The clump of rice planthoppers will base sucking sap that is harmful brown necrosis, nutrients and moisture loss , causing yellow leaves , growth low , seriously affecting rice production . " These two types of pest invasion , fast, fast breeding , harm is also large, large area by pest sprayer speed of fear is too late , using sprayer ideal ." Said the person in charge of plant protection station .

It is understood that , with the hand sprayer for pest control and disease prevention, slow, poor spray pesticides , loss, and the power of small spray , spray pesticides can only stay in the rice leaf surface and can not penetrate the rice plexus , resulting in pest control is not complete. The motorized sprayer reflected the effect is: spray speed, every seven minutes to complete an acre spray , spray with high pressure, good atomization , high utilization , the use of a pressure sprayer can be sent directly to the pesticide less Inaba position , can be full "destroy" pests and diseases. The knapsack sprayer spray rice and found that rice leaf surface , rice straw on pesticides has been atomized mist beads, pest and disease prevention effect is obvious. Large grain Zhang Mingsheng said: " We passed the preliminary conclusions drawn comparison test : manual sprayers can only complete one acre per hour spraying tasks, while sprayer reaches 10-12 acres per hour , a difference of 10 times ergonomics , and greatly reduce the labor intensity . knapsack sprayer because the pressure is high, thin cloud point , prevention is better than ordinary sprayers and spraying the machine back on the body , with the hand sprayer as easy . "

Local agricultural experts believe that the knapsack sprayer finish 50-60 acres per day , the cost of pesticides per acre savings of 17.9% . Use self-propelled sprayer indeed reduce the labor intensity of farmers and medication costs, improve production efficiency, pest prevention and control to ensure the effective time , to solve the security source management of rice diseases and insect pests . Limited Fusite this bottle sprayer , 2009 also supports directory into the country , in the work against the ruling system will flourish , full lay rice pest " war of annihilation ."

Paddy emergence herbicide injury countermeasure

Chemical weeding efficient, thorough , labor , time , help large scale mechanized operations, efficient agriculture has become an indispensable important measures. However, due to the improper selection or spraying herbicides wrong way, the season or after the crop to cause serious injury to occur. Once phytotoxicity science should take timely countermeasures .
First, rule out the use of herbicides drug excessive drug toxicity , injury has occurred or will occur , to take early measures to detox . Immediately drain the water contained in the field of irrigation , several consecutive flush with the new irrigation, drainage facilities into lime or a combination of other methods , and in the fields of acidic herbicides, reducing the content of herbicides in soil ; medicine for plants harm , garden sprayers the available water irrigation machinery residue leaching of toxic plants , reducing the poison stick on the leaf . Severe poisoning plots should be rinsed after exposure to deep plowing , and then try to grow a small amount of sensitive crops can observe two weeks to prove that no injury again when other crops .
Second, to strengthen field management of crops on plots by the injury , to strengthen field management , the use of fast-acting fertilizer by Shi , scientific management, to reduce the impact of herbicides on crops , to reduce the losses down .
Third, the application of plant growth regulators to promote crop growth plant growth regulator is to promote crop growth agents, it has a good crop growth stimulation , but also help reduce injury .
Fourth, the use of chemical antidotes dressing with activated carbon can reduce or prevent four alachlor , linuron ,24-D herbicide phytotoxicity to corn , but also in plants before planting their roots or stems dipped in powdered activated carbon , can prevent injury. Planting the crop every 15 mu 10-40 kg evenly spread on the soil surface , can also be sprinkled on the soil surface to prevent local or ribbon simazine on soybean , cucumber, wheat injury. Naphthalene dicarboxylic anhydride is used to prevent EPTC injury to corn , the usual dose is 0.15% of the seed weight ,pressure water sprayer the effect is better. CGA-43089 for sorghum seed dressing to prevent isopropyl amine, acetochlor on sorghum injury. General sorghum seeds per 1 kg 1.25-1.5 g up control effect.

Paddy herbicide phytotoxicity main treatment measures

 1 irrigation detox . Soil caused due to excessive pesticide phytotoxicity , can be repeatedly washed irrigation fields . 2 agricultural sprayer wash seedlings . Concentration is too large , or the use of foliar injury caused by excessive absorption , continuous spray rinse , reduce the concentration of the drug on the rice plants .
3 antidote . According to the nature of the injury , the choice of appropriate drug detoxification remedy. Some Plant Growth Regulators can be used as a herbicide antidote. Such as spraying modest " 920 " , can ease the extent of the injury .
4 topdressing fertilizer. Timely removal of injured leaves , increasing livestock manure composting facilities , such as urea fertilizer available , can promote root development and regeneration of new leaves .
5 foliar spraying . Yemianpenfei , rice plants absorb quickly . If using 0.1-0.3 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate or phosphorus and potassium fine, Penshibao etc. foliar fruit tree sprayers can promote rice root development , to restore growth .

The use of chemical pesticides can not be arbitrary

Farmers can not blindly mixed pesticide use in order to save labor, and to consider a variety of disease prevention and control, or another disease prevention and pest control, often several pesticides sprayed mixed results and some produce injury, and some failures (acid-base neutralization), Some toxicity increased, causing poisoning and even death. So, should scientific medicine.

To pay attention to safety when spraying backpack chemical sprayers spraying, wear a mask, plastic gloves, goggles, hand-mixed drugs is strictly prohibited. Sprayer when problems arise, not directly nibbled, mouth suction. After spraying medicine, use soapy water and rinse hands clean. If dizziness, nausea, stop spraying, to fresh air and rest, if poisoned, should go to hospital symptomatic treatment. To take good care of pesticide use should be finished bottles buried, not for containing other items.

To comply with regulations on highly toxic pesticides such as phorate, Suhua 203, one thousand six hundred and five, methyl six  zero five one thousand and fifty-nine, fenitrothion Granville, flower sprayer long validity spirit, phosphorus amine, methamidophos, isopropyl phosphorus, three parathion, omethoate, zinc phosphide, aluminum phosphide, cyanides, carbofuran, fluoroacetamide, arsenic, chlordimeform, West Lik Sang, Saili scattered, ulcers net, chloropicrin , pentachlorophenol, DBCP and so on. And high pesticide residues, such as BHC, DDT, chlordane and other pesticides, the state has expressly provided, are not allowed to use on vegetables. However, some farmers still secretly uses a six  zero five maggot control leeks, use of methamidophos prevention moth, aphids and other use of carbofuran, the result of consumers eating these vegetables, the cause poisoning, serious consequences.

Bee Disease Control and Prevention

1 Disease Prevention

There are a variety of bee diseases, in order to prevent bee diseases, harm bees, must carry out the principle of prevention, usually to strengthen the feeding and management of bees, back pack sprayer bee farm environment and attention beehive, honeycomb, bee hygiene. On the beehive, honeycomb, bee and venue for disinfection and sterilization. A small amount of lime available to open, the preparation of 10% to 20% of the milk of lime, evenly sprinkle on the bee farm or stucco walls. Or with 2% caustic soda solution was washed larvae larvae rancid disease and cystic disease contaminated hives and nest boxes, and then wash with water. For small tools, such as cover cloth and clothes can be 2% to 5% soda solution to clean. Meanwhile bee species to choose disease-resistant, keeping strong group, the introduction of quarantine must be carefully when bees. Fangfeng site requirements ventilated and dry, less than Fangfeng bee diseases endemic areas. Once a bee disease and early treatment should be promptly isolated to prevent the spread of the disease caused economic losses.

2 methods given medicines

Bee disease is given medicines given medicines during the day using the spray method spleen, splenic given medicines at night using an empty method. Method is to spray the spleen given medicines decoction after cooling, spray lightly with a clean, non-toxic spray to the honeycomb, the spraying amount of each bee can be stained with sticky syrup without wings is appropriate, at intervals of 2 ~ 3 hours 1 spray better. Empty spleen given medicines France is suffering at the 2nd stew by adding honey 50 grams or 100 grams of sugar, and then poured into the two sides of the spleen, for the bees at night to eat.household sprayer If the edge of the spleen pile beam sprinkle a little honey, bee foraging disease lure more and better efficacy.

Catfish fish rice farming pesticide application methods to properly

Depending on the circumstances , selective spraying using the following method .

( 1 ) Sham spraying method

In the fish before the first application of pesticides in paddy field water deepened, flooded field surface 7 to 10 cm , such as a larger concentration of pesticides can be further deepened some of the fields of water , diluting the concentration of the liquid in the water , reducing or avoiding fish hazards. With a pore size bottle sprayer, sprinklers should upward sweep of rice stems and leaves, try spraying the drug in the rice leaf surface , reducing pesticide falling into the water field .

( 2 ) Drainage spraying method

Water off the field before treatment , exposing the soil surface , so that the fish concentrated in fish ditch, the fish slipped , and then spraying pesticides attention can not be applied into the ditch fish , the fish slipped in . Tanaka toxicity of pesticides to be degraded , and then further to the normal water depth of field .

( 3 ) The next sub- spraying method

First half a field or fields in a certain part to fight drugs , fish can not escape to another part of Tanaka fight drugs , the next day and then in another part of the Tanaka spraying.

( 4 ) water spraying method

Pesticides can also be applied to the inlet and outlet open, so that the water flow field , starting with the outlet of a pesticide , applied to the fields intermediate pause, to make contaminated water out of the field , and then applied to the intake from the middle at the end .

( 5 ) timing spraying method

Use powder pesticide manual sprayer spraying in the morning , because the morning Inaba , rice straw on the dew, most adherent powder , thereby reducing pesticide into the water . Use liquid, emulsion pesticides should be applied after the 16:00 ; summer temperatures should be in the 17 o'clock after spraying, reduce pesticide toxicity to fish . Do not raining or rain before spraying pesticides or pesticide will be washed into the water field , easily lead to fish poisoning.

Pay close attention to fish after spraying activities , such as found with symptoms of poisoning , you must immediately add new water , the best part of the discharge side of infusion of new waterside field water dilution water concentration to avoid fish poisoning .

When using herbicides influence of temperature on the efficacy of

When using herbicides influence of temperature on efficacy , generally only postpone or advance the efficacy of play time . If the temperature is low , due to the physiological activity of weeds is also relatively slow , and thus the conductivity also slow the absorption of herbicides , such as winter or spring, and thus the efficacy of performance when backpack weed sprayers spraying time , and compared to the hot summer months , generally extending 5 10 days or even longer. This is why the temperature is low more than 10 days after the use of herbicides , the weeds are not symptoms of poisoning. Currently on the influence of temperature on herbicide roughly as follows: the temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, most of the herbicide efficacy is difficult to play, as the temperature gradually increased gradually shown efficacy, if prolonged continuous low temperature , herbicides lose part of the effect will be weathered ; 10 degrees Celsius, most of the herbicide can show herbicidal effect , but higher than under normal circumstances, be delayed 5-10 or so ; 15 degrees Celsius, herbicide efficacy normal play ; 15-35 degrees Celsius between efficacy with increasing temperature performance faster. But not the higher the temperature the better.

And herbicides for families and genera close to target plants lawn grass, under any circumstances do not arbitrarily increase the dosage , or carried out under the guidance of technicians spraying . Grasses such as Kentucky bluegrass lawns in using consumer bluegrass, miscellaneous consumer controlling crabgrass, goose grass and other weeds ; using clover in clover music broadleaf weeds ; lawn in Golden Horseshoe Horseshoe Net Control in use broadleaf weeds , etc., are not arbitrarily increase the dosage.

For more emaciated weeds , leaves small, upright weeds , control method can be used when spraying twice . As used in bluegrass lawns eliminate Wo controlling weeds crabgrass, the dosage is 90 ml per acre , you need to be watered 25-30 kg evenly spraying . We can eliminate the first use of 45 ml Wo watered 25-30 kg spraying a mu of land, the next day using 45 ml elimination Wo watered 25-30 kg spraying a mu of land, is better than a sufficient amount of perfume sprayer spraying the herbicidal effect .

Bacterial pesticide application note

First, avoid using inferior pharmaceutical agents used to ensure the quality , should be regular manufacturers and pharmaceutical point of sale purchase , to prevent counterfeiting, and to pay attention to pharmaceutical production date and age as well as pharmaceutical reasonable safekeeping to prevent expired .
Second, avoid the use of low bacterial biological pesticide active ingredient is protein crystals and buds full of life . At low temperatures , spores multiply in vivo pest slow, not easy to play a role in protein crystals .
Third, avoid dry bacterial spores of bacteria in biological insecticide hi humid environment, and therefore the greater efficacy when used field humidity is higher, especially pesticide spraying powdered biological agents should pay attention to the field moisture . Usually in the early morning and evening when there is dew powder backpack chemical sprayers spraying bacteria , in order to facilitate better stick agents stems and leaves of crops and promote spores multiply and improve efficacy. In the foggy morning half an hour before spraying spraying or watering the vegetables are better.
Fourth, avoid strong sunlight sun's ultraviolet radiation on spores killing effect , if the strong ultraviolet light will kill bacteria . According to tests , direct sunlight for half an hour , about 50% mortality of spores ; direct one hour , spores mortality rate of 80%. In addition , ultraviolet radiation causes the crystal deformation Parasporal fallback . Therefore , spraying bacteria biocides should be cloudy or low light when vegetable intake . Generally before 10:00 on a sunny day or evening spraying.
Fifth, avoid spraying of bacterial biocide leaching heavy rain shortly after , in case of moderate to heavy rain , will be sprayed on the crop stems rinse off bacteria and reduce efficacy. However, if the pesticide under the rain after 5 hours , then not only does not reduce the control effect , but a synergistic effect , because it is conducive to bacterial spores in vivo and in vitro pests multiply rapidly .
Sixth, avoid mixing with fungicides when applying bacterial bio-pesticides and fungicides do not ( such as carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl and other mix , otherwise easily lead to pharmaceutical severe reduction in the number of bacteria , thus affecting the insecticidal effect . Thus, even weed killer sprayer sprayed fungicide spray should be washed clean before assembling bacterial biopesticides .

Herbicides on weeds and crop selectivity

1 -selective herbicide (selective herbicide): these herbicides in a certain dose range, can kill weeds while the crop no poison, or poison is very low. Such as 2,4 - drops, MCPA ,liquid sprayer dicamba , bentazon , oats fear , propanil and stable killing and so on. Relative selectivity of herbicides only in certain doses, the crop growing specific security . Administered overdose or sensitive period of application of the crop will affect crop growth and development , or even kill crops.

(2) non-selective herbicides or herbicide (non-selective herbicide): these herbicides on crops and weeds have toxic effects , such as glyphosate , paraquat ( Gramoxone ) and so on. These herbicides are mainly used in non-cultivated land or kill weeds before crop emergence , or spray with a protective cover crops between the rows in the directed manual sprayer spray .

Banana foliage spray

What kind of foliar fertilizer , to be based on soil nutrient content, plant nutrient deficiency condition and bananas at different growth stages , generally with urea ( excluding biuret ) , NPK ( N : P: K 15 : 15:15 ) . Potassium dihydrogen phosphate , fertilizer ( such as leaf treasure etc.) and various fertilizer ( zinc sulfate , manganese sulfate , ferrous sulfate, borax , neutral sulfate , etc. ) . Use concentration should also be based on different types of fertilizer and banana growing period may be, such as juvenile period ( 7 to 12 leaf stage ) urea, NPK 150 to 250 times, grow plants to young fruit ( 22 leaf stage to fruit four into meat degrees ) urea, NPK 50 to 100 times , potassium dihydrogen phosphate 250 to 350 times, green Boom is 800 to 1000 times , 2000 times as magnesium sulfate , a variety of other micro- fertilizer ( zinc sulfate , etc. ) from 3000 to 5000 times , such as foliar fertilizer containing auxin treasure 8000 to 10,000 times,

Foliar application should also pay attention to do : Use good performance spray mist , fog spot fine and uniform ; preferably 0.5% of spreading agent ( such as mild detergent ) ; spraying best time after 4 o'clock in the afternoon .

After years of production practice has proved that the banana rhizosphere fertilization combined with foliar fertilization effect than the single one occasion , able to increase production , but also to improve fruit quality, especially for the skin color , trigger sprayers the fruit quality and storability have been greatly improved , while saving the amount of fertilizer , reduce banana production costs.

Banana important during fertilization

Banana nutrient demand generally increases leaf stage increases. 18 to 40 banana leaf stage of growth and development is good or bad , on the yield and quality of banana play a decisive role , so this period is important fertilization of banana . This period can be divided into vegetative growth and flower bud in the late period of two re-applied ,pressure sprayers should be most concentrated in these two periods fertilizer application .

① in the late vegetative growth ( 18 to 29 leaf stage ) , that spring planting banana planting of 3 to 5 months after planting and summer perennial planting banana banana shoots sprouting given after 5-9 months. From the leaf look, just pumping by the middle of this period ( this time just out new leaves mostly curved shape like Huwei ) to enter the big leaf 1 to 2 . This period is at peak vegetative growth , nutrient requirements are very strong , most sensitive , banana plant growth and development was good or bad , by the abundance or shortage of fertilizer supply is determined , if this was re-applied fertilizer , banana plants to obtain sufficient nutrients, can long evening stem diameter banana leaf large strains for efficient assimilation , the accumulation of a large number of organic compounds, is to lay the material foundation for the next stage of flower bud .

② flower bud differentiation stage ( 30 to 40 leaf stage ) , ie after planting spring planting banana 5-7 months after planting and summer perennial planting banana banana shoots sprouting given after 9 to 11 months, from leaf look, this time by the pumping large leaves 1 to 2 to short round spade leaf , leaves began to turn away from the most sparse dense foliage pumping speed slowed ; see from the stem , pseudostem development to the most coarse , corms ( banana head ) begins on the exposed surface , weed killer sprayer was the altar -shaped ; see from suckers have entered suckers Sheng period . This period is in the reproductive growth bud differentiation process that requires a lot of nutrients for growth and development of young spike , spike big fruit in order to form long ear . According to overseas research , when the late vegetative stage into the flower bud , leaf nitrogen content plummeted , because then need to use a lot of nitrogen supply bud , when the roots absorb nitrogen from the soil can not meet the need , nitrogen had from the leaves , stems and other tissues and organs transferred over. Then re-applied fertilizer , can promote the blade for maximum assimilation , creating more organic matter for the panicle formation and growth and development.

What principles should pay attention to pesticide mixtures

Winter indoor studio disease -prone , spraying more often, many farmers to reduce the frequency of spraying , reduce labor intensity , each spraying pesticides are mixed . Pesticide many species prone to problems when mixed , require special attention. So, when mixed pesticides should pay attention to what ?

First, in order to accurately mixed pesticides .

Most farmers in pesticide mixtures , do not know which one should add agents. Sometimes to join the fertilizer, sometimes to join the EC, and sometimes to join the wettable powder, plus picked up what kind , which is unreasonable. The events that occur because of this precipitation .

Fertilizer and pesticide mixtures in order: fertilizer, wettable powders, suspensions , liquid , cream then added , each adding a stir that mix, then add the next .

Two is to add water after dosing, the secondary dilution.

Currently , there are many farmers when mixed pesticides is to join all pesticide sprayer , and then diluted in water , this approach is wrong.

Pesticide mixtures , not simply together against it. Mixed , you can add the first half bucket of water in the hand pump sprayers , add after the first pesticide mix ; Then, the rest of the pesticide with a plastic bottle be diluted , diluted and poured into a sprayer , mix order forth.

Third, use spray immediately after dispensing .

In many cases, farmers generally will be at home against a good agent , and then transported to shed spraying, when many agents have prepared several hours . Although just with the liquid does not respond when it does not mean you can be set free for a long time , or prone to react slowly , gradually reduce the efficacy .

In addition ,trigger sprayer farmers do not know when the pesticide can not be mixed , best first test a small area . Not only depends on the preparation when there is no response , but also to spend will not cause injury.

Sprayers often malfunction and troubleshooting

Sprayer will always encounter everyday use spray ineffective, switch leakage or screw fixed , leaking joints , etc. fails, then it should be how to troubleshoot them ?

Insufficient pressure sprayer atomization bad : If you flip the joystick when the spray more than 15 times , the barrel pressure has not reached the working pressure , farmers should first check whether the inlet valve Geqi been debris , resulting in insufficient air pressure affect the effect of atomization . Inlet valve can be removed , if there is , then the application rag scrub clean ; if the spray pressure is still insufficient , you should check the gas chamber cup without damage, if damaged , replace the new cup ; Ruoyin sealing joints ring is not installed or damaged cause leaks , you should install or replace the seals.

Not a liquid spray mist : nozzle body inclined holes are not blocked by dirt is causing spray mist one of the most common factors , farmers can remove the nozzle from the spray hole reverse blowing , the clogging dirt can be removed ; Ruoyin can open the cleaning nozzle clogged hand held sprayer spray holes, but can not use hard objects such as wire poke orifices to prevent perforations to expand , affecting spray quality ; Ruoyin casing filter is clogged or too small ball valve dirt Geqi , and cleaning of the filter should be cleaned Geqi ball dirt.

Switch leakage or screw fixed : If for switch cap is not tightened , you should tighten the switch cap ; Ruoyin switch core gasket leaks caused by wear and tear , replace gaskets. Switch screw fixed place mostly because of longer , switching core is etched and stick Pharmacy , farmers should switch on kerosene or diesel oil to soak for some time, and then removed and washed clean.

Leaking joints : Ruoyin connector is loose, tighten the nut should be ; Ruoyin washer is not flat or damaged , you should put the flat washer , or replace the gaskets.

Causes and Countermeasures injury

With the development of science and technology , the scope and use of herbicides rapidly expanding area . Herbicide injury generation has become a universal phenomenon, not only caused serious loss of crop yield , but also bring social problems , has attracted attention of all levels of government .

Herbicide injury causes are many, home garden sprayer there is the nature of the herbicide itself ; have an adverse impact of climatic conditions ; sensitive period with crop fertility problems ; also does not regulate pesticide applicators problems posed . These problems are sometimes alone, sometimes overlap occurs , it is difficult to distinguish between major and minor . Because of space limitations articles without detail.

Basic Strategy : research workers should be developed more secure , easier to use herbicides ; manufacturers should be strictly according to the standard herbicide production of qualified products ; agricultural sprayers pesticide distribution , agricultural extension shall master the relevant knowledge of herbicides for farmers to strengthen technical guidance ; farmers and friends should also be actively learning technology knowledge to improve herbicide relevant knowledge and use of technology, so as to avoid or reduce the incidence of injury .

Herbicide herbicide can choose to use the characteristics of the period

Chemical herbicides have different biological activity and herbicidal methods , therefore, must make good use of its features herbicides , in order to obtain the desired control effect .

Such as: acetochlor : amide herbicides to absorb coleoptile main control annual grass weeds and some broadleaf weeds in small grain seed , closed with a certain role . After sowing in wheat crop soil to stand needle enclosed use, the herbicidal effects influenced by soil moisture , drought conditions not conducive to the efficacy of the play , the herbicidal effect is poor, when the rain water in field after application when they prone to injury.

Isoproturon : herbicides , some of the main controlling grass weeds and some broadleaf weeds ( good effect on the chickweed ) , preemergence , postemergence can use , but early postemergence use works best. In wheat ( barley ) after sowing bud to 4 leaf stage . chemical sprayer Isoproturon efficacy of play is also affected by the impact of soil moisture , drought conditions using ineffective, postemergence than preemergence use .

Fenoxaprop , alkynyl oxalic acid , both foliar treatment agent , no closure effect, which can only be carried out after a homogeneous weed foliage treatment .

Tribenuron : herbicides , in order to absorb the main stem , the role of both closed , the main control broadleaf weeds in the 3-4 leaf stage of weed works best . Because of its dead grass is slower , in order to expand the spectrum herbicide , dead grass to improve the speed , multi- yl grass with ketones, MCPA ,2.4-D, Fluoroglycofen ether compound used .

Azole oxadiazon : leaf contact insecticide , no sucking conductivity, for the control of broadleaf weeds , when a large amount of wheat leaves burns phenomenon , dead grass fast, but weeding recur , and for chickweed , large nest vegetables less effective, with tribenuron , MCPA and other compound used in the 3-4 leaf stage of weeds best .

Glyphosate is the uptake and Herbicide . Can use its uptake, 5-7 days before the grain filling weed sprayer spraying , control wheat reed good effect, no influence on the grain filling .

New pharmaceutical control of potato late blight

The role of the characteristics Hilfiger Metalaxyl Metalaxyl is effective in the body , there is a strong uptake,chemical sprayer chlorothalonil adding more effectively delaying the resistance generated expanded antibacterial spectrum . Hilfiger protective and therapeutic dual activity , not manganese ions and zinc ions , and mixed formulations than mancozeb better security ( Mancozeb and its mixed formulations can not be reused , MZ elements inhibit plant absorption of iron , iron disorder caused indeed ) , not prone to injury does not affect the fruit coloring ; suspension formulations , safer for the environment and crops ; Hilfiger can be used in most countries of pollution-free , green food production and high-value fruits and vegetables export base.

Hilfiger , suspension type , fineness of 1 micron , more through plant stomata , the absorption is strong, better than cymoxanil , dimethomorph , propionamide , Cyazofamid , oxazole bacteria copper, copper imidazole bacteria .

Hilfiger against Phytophthora infestans comprehensive prevention and treatment was significantly better than Phytophthora Ling ( fosetyl ) , enoyl Marlene , imidazole cycloheximide , Cyazofamid , oxazole bacteria copper, mancozeb, metalaxyl , garden sprayers backpack mixing agent fungicide metalaxyl . Is mancozeb and metalaxyl , metalaxyl mixtures replacement new product . Disease control for a long time are generally valid for 10 days.

Bactericidal spectrum: tyranny gas -borne diseases caused by downy mildew mesh downy mildew, late blight and fruit rot , downy mildew , such as soybean , grape downy mildew, downy mildew of lettuce , cucumber downy mildew, potato and tomato late disease . Against soil-borne diseases Pythium , downy mildew caused by Phytophthora genus and cataplexy , root rot and other such as lychee cream blight effective .

Surface diffusion of new pesticide use should be 3 days in advance

Insiders : compared to traditional pesticides , drops on governance will kill drops , drip that is, except the merits of such diffusion pesticides ?

Compared to conventional pesticides , these new pesticides are seven advantages:

First, efficient, low-residue . Because spread evenly, greatly improving the effective amount of pesticide per unit area , reducing pesticide use per unit area . The active component of this product easily degradable pesticides, almost no residual in nature .

Second, the diffusion speed and diffusion radius . Solves liquid dispersible solid forms exist to bring the rate of diffusion and diffusion radius due to poor trigger sprayers spraying center could easily lead to injury and even distribution of pesticide active ingredients not affect efficacy and phytotoxicity problems, it is the rate of diffusion up to 0.3 m / sec , the diffusion radius of up to 5-10 meters , compared with the same type of product , its diffusion rate can be increased 10-20 times , diffusion radius can be increased more than 10 times .

Three are easy to use , saving labor . Because it does not require the use of any equipment , as long as drops in the water, you can automatically spread uniformly throughout the whole field , suitable for rural farming weak labor situation . A labor day, can prevent more than 50 acres , greatly improving the efficiency of labor .

Four are protected from the weather . Rice growing stages often encountered even rainy weather, pesticide pressure sprayer spraying , encounter a rainy necessary complement Shi , this method applied , as long as the field does not drain water layer , you can maintain efficacy , no fill applied .

Five is to reduce pollution. Because these pesticides in the water just run , do not spray can reduce air pollution, pollution and human contamination grain for the production of green rice provided technical support .

Sixth, protection from predators , significant social benefits . Spray pesticide often killed together with the natural enemies of pests , use this drug only kill pests , does not kill predators , play a role in protection from predators .

Seven is the country's first , patent protection.

Late ripening cotton

Spraying methods, and pesticide use . To select no wind or breeze on a sunny day , 9:00 to 15:00 for spraying . The amount of pesticides , should be based on cotton growing , then the temperature and spraying period may be. For growth vigor , application period late, low temperatures and eager Tengcha cotton fields , application rates should be increased , but the amount of pesticide per acre not more than 200 ml ; Conversely, application rates should be reduced appropriately. In the Yellow River Basin , in early October if you need spraying of pesticides per acre with 40% ethephon 100 ml , 50 kg of water , diluted evenly spraying ; if in early October to mid- late early spraying, per acre medication 150 ml, water 60 kg diluted evenly spraying. The diluted liquid into the sprayer, aligned on a blue cotton boll , sprayer evenly from top to bottom , so that everyone who needs ripening bolls are Nianman liquid.

Ethephon spraying 40% and 2%, superphosphate mixed effect. Late spraying cotton 2% superphosphate dilution with promoting premature , anti premature aging, increase production, income significant role generally yield about 5%. Are acidic because of superphosphate fertilizer, mixed with acidic ethephon , not only does not affect the efficacy of ethephon , but also on ethephon synergism , it is worth promoting local conditions . The method is: first 1 kg superphosphate fertilizer quality with 50 to 60 kilograms of open water , filtered residue , then add the required ethephon per acre , mixed well immediately after spraying.

Use ethephon to note a few questions. First, ethephon are acidic pesticides, alkaline substances decompose encounter failure , so do not mix with alkaline pesticides . Preparation of a good ethephon diluent should not be stored , to do with the preparation with the use . Second, cotton spraying ethephon , if rainfall within 6 hours after the rain need to re- spraying . Third, before spraying , harvesting should boll bolls , boll boll avoid back sprayers spraying caused decline in quality . Fourth, a strong acidic liquid ethephon , the human body has a strong stimulating effect , work to do security. Skin glue solution , they should immediately wash with soap and rinse with water. Fifth , do not outperform , buy counterfeit drugs . In recent years, there have been many kinds on the market crops ripening agent products, which are mostly agricultural administrative department for approval without registration , you can not use inferior products . Farmers should be through formal channels to purchase regular manufacturers ethephon pesticide use .

How to improve the utilization of pesticides

Want to improve the utilization of pesticides , it is necessary to improve the quality of the manual spraying machine , spraying parts single change the status quo, to promote the upgrading of manual sprayers

Spray atomization quality is the determining factor , directly affect the deposition of pesticide on crops distribution . Droplet distribution density is related to the control effect is an important factor. The same amount of liquid, if the droplet size by half , and the resulting 8 -fold increase the number of droplets . Led the establishment of the National Agricultural Center in Shandong Wish Plant Protection Machinery Co. , development and production of the " Guardian " card WS-16 Type Sprayer , won the national key new product certificate and four patents, and has been the first to get "3C" certification, becoming the ideal replacement of manual sprayers varieties .

The implementation of low volume hand pump sprayers spraying technology to reduce the amount of liquid present Mushi

Crop leaf surface can be attached pesticide droplets is limited , when spray volume exceeds a certain limit , the leaves on the tiny droplets will agglomerate into large droplets and rolled , the loss , but to make the blade attached to the drastically reduced the amount of pesticides . Spray volume in developed countries are generally controlled at 100 per hectare - 300 l range , less spray volume per unit area of 1/3 , and thus the loss was minimal, pesticide utilization is higher.

Pay attention to the effect of improving medication safety Flower

1 dilution powder into a paste with water , and then multiple dilution ; cream , liquid in the flower sprayer should be loaded within 1/ 4 of the water and then poured into drug shake, and pour into the amount of water ; powder, emulsion and manure mixed , should be dissolved powder , adding 80 times of water , then mixed with cream , and finally mixed with fertilizer , red enough water spraying. A variety of pharmaceutical and fertilizer mix , mixed with the use to be with , do not keep well , so as not to reduce the efficacy.

(2) the general dilution dilution 500-1500 times , pest prevention desirable when the minimum concentration ; pest control young desirability moderate concentrations ; peak and kill pests older , crusty pests , should take the maximum concentration . In floriculture , often is the same pest hazards, so sterilization, insecticide, fertilizer should simultaneously. But the pH of different agents can not be mixed fertilizers , and the mixture can not be more than three kinds . The mixing concentration of : barrel of water sterilizing agent 25-30 g , 20-25 g of pesticides , fertilizers and 50 grams.

3 application time and method of 17:00 ( positive leaves holes open ) spraying absorb the best, and no sunburn , can reduce injury. Less easily decomposed in light use efficiency Zineb , Fenaminosulf , phoxim and other agents should be carried out on a cloudy day or in the evening , perfume sprayer when it rains it rains before or not spraying . Spraying a mist as well, and the entire plant to be sprayed .

Science floriculture reduce medication

Through tillage , can eliminate some pests , pests and diseases is not conducive to the formation of the conditions . low pressure sprayer At the same time , we should improve the ability of flowers resistant to insect pests , such as for rural clean processing plant debris , reduce pest sources , rational close planting, increase greenhouse or shed of air and light , and remove waterlogging , reduce field humidity , scientific formula fertilization , so that the flowers robust growth, improve its resistance to diseases and pests .

Strengthen physical control

In order to avoid the generation of pest resistance , should try to choose physical control . For example, hanging yellow sticky boards can be used to trap and kill aphids and leaf miner , hanging silver shop in the field aphid repellent membrane , while increasing light intensity . Advantage of the many nocturnal insects phototaxis characteristics, hand sprayers the light trapping , predator trapping and other methods to eliminate pests, insect nets can also be used to reduce the probability of occurrence of pests .

Choose the right path according to nursery stock and other effective herbicide

Many varieties of herbicides have foliar treatment agent, herbicide and so on. Some apply preemergence weed leaf stage for some weeding . Therefore, according to the different varieties of seedlings and weeds in different periods were selected . Strong resistance of coniferous species such as optional by the nitrofen , Gallant and fruit Haier ; resistant tree species poor choice of garden grass letters, nursery grass net , Butralin , Prometryne so on.

Determine a reasonable method of application , improve application techniques . According to the nature of the herbicide used to determine the correct method . If using glyphosate herbicide , be sure to do directed hand sprayers spray , otherwise it will damage on seedlings . Such as the use of trifluralin , you need to mix the soil , otherwise easily lead to photolysis and failure. Herbicide spraying must be uniform . If adjacent plots are herbicide sensitive plants , will have to take quarantine measures , remember when the wind is not spraying so as to endanger the adjacent sensitive crops . Sprayed drug use bleach rinse the sprayer after a few times and then further use on other plants . Herbicide sprayer is best dedicated to avoid hurting other crops .

Herbicides strictly against the water . Each concentration of the herbicide has the best efficacy . Excessive water , herbicide concentration is low , it will affect the herbicidal effect ; water is too small, the herbicide concentration , high cost , and easy to cause injury ; therefore , spraying herbicides must be in strict accordance with the instructions watered , you can use graduated cylinders , beakers assist weighing, as far as possible weighing accuracy .

In addition, high organic matter content of the soil particle size , herbicide adsorption capacity , and soil microbes and more vigorous activities , drug dose is degraded , may be appropriate to increase the dosage ; while loamy coarse sand , the adsorption amount of pharmaceutical small pharmaceutical molecules in the soil particles are mostly free state ,flower sprayer activity, prone to injury , the dosage can be reduced appropriately .

Most herbicides in alkaline soil stability, not degrade , the latter stubble seedlings produce injury , should be sprayed on the type of soil in advance as possible , and use caution.

Do not ignore these biological pesticide use

Reference to the local climatic conditions to select the best use of time effect of the use of biological pesticides greatly influenced by environmental factors . In fact , bio-pesticides sprayed on plants and insects from feeding or take some time to catch the bacteria . From feeding insects to death also requires a process. During this period vulnerable to environmental impact . The most influential factor is the temperature , humidity, light breeze. Temperature can spores in Biological pesticides , but also to act on the pests themselves , thus affecting the pathogenic microorganisms , pathogenicity and toxicity : moisture spores of biological pesticides is directly related to multiply and spread , humidity , microbial spores and diffusion fast, easy infection and kill pests ; sun's deadly ultraviolet radiation on spores killing effect , and therefore should be used to avoid glare should be on a sunny day at 8:00 hours before , after , or in the absence of 16:00 cloudy with rain better ; wind drift on the powder and spread of biological pesticides has a very important role in the breeze to use dusts biopesticides best.

Appropriate choice of the chemical sprayer device in practical applications , most efficient use of plant protection equipment are low, usually directly to the crop spray from top to bottom , so a lot of pesticides are gathered leaves above the crop , the crop deposited on the lower leaves fewer pesticides , falling more losses in the soil surface . If the droplet is large, the loss of even more . Because of high cost of production of biological pesticides , so you want to select spraying , high efficiency, good atomization , saving pesticide plant protection equipment . If mist duster , mist sprayers .

Depending on the area to create suitable conditions for the use of bio-pesticides in different regions are not the same . China's vast regional differences larger southern humid and rainy . Drought in northern and western regions .
Biological pesticides to meet their daily needs only the best conditions to achieve maximum effect. On the one hand to increase the farm sprayer spraying water arid regions , create a high humidity environment , easy microbial spores survive and multiply ; on the other hand in the formulation of the polymeric material to add some specific solution viscosity and increasing substances, such as starch, animal glue, ash leachate , etc., can reduce evaporation , to avoid rapid drying and improve efficiency. Further , according to the characteristics of the pest migration . But also the use of biological pesticides and chemical pesticides with low toxicity and efficient measures used . Chemical pesticides to reduce pest resistance. To create conditions for the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms , and insects after infection by pathogenic microorganisms , but also reduces resistance to chemical pesticides , the two complement each other, so as to achieve the effect of increasing efficacy .

Pesticide use is really varied

Coating application methods . This method is mainly used for spraying fruit trees . When Apple bagless cultivation , its number will be doubled if the rust . Is currently on trial at home and abroad in the Apple fruit when applied layer coating agents, so that the fruit surface covered by a thin film to prevent pests and diseases. Foreign agents have now covered the sale of goods .

Seed coating technology . It is wrapped in a layer on the seed insecticides or fungicides by a coat to protect the seeds and the subsequent growth of infringement against pests . At present, China China Agricultural University and Jiangsu Wuxian pesticide plant has tried a variety of seed coating agent made ​​of carbendazim .

Linked network application methods . Also used in fruit , it is woven into the fiber mesh cord impregnated with the desired high concentration of medicament , and display of the desired control of the fruit in order to control pests on fruit . This method of application to extend the efficacy period may reduce the frequency of administration , garden hand sprayers reduce the dosage .

Floating in the water spraying method . This is a new development in recent years, pesticide use of technology. It is based on expanded perlite as the carrier , processed into surface floating agent , particle size of about 60 to 100 mesh . There are currently methyl parathion surface floating agent, methamidophos surface floating agent , this application methods for the control of rice stem borer infestation part of a highly targeted , efficacy significantly, and longer-term efficacy .

Controlled release application techniques . It is used to reduce drug consumption , reduce pollution , reduce crop residues and extend the efficacy important application techniques . It was estimated that by 2000 controlled release after manual sprayer spraying method has the potential to become a major way .

The development of pesticide use is a reflection of the development of pesticide formulations . In other words , a new method of using appears , be sure to order a new pesticide formulations backing . Are mutually reinforcing and complementary .

Pesticides can be used fumigation method

Smoke smoke produced by the use of pesticides to combat pests application methods . This law applies to the control of pests and diseases, rodent control and sometimes this method can also be taken , but not for weed control . Cigarette is suspended in the air of the solid fine particles, the important feature is the ability to self- diffusion space , chemical sprayer the air flow disturbance , can spread to a larger space and in a far distance , the settlement slow prills can be deposited all parts of the target body , including the back of leaves , thus better control effect . Fumigation method is mainly used in small enclosed environments such as warehouses , buildings , greenhouses, plastic greenhouses and large tracts of forest and orchard . The main impact of fumigation efficacy factors airflow five points:
① updraft so smoke escaping the upper space , can not be stuck in the ground or crop surface , so the day can not be exposed to fumes ;
② inversion , sunset, surface ground or crop will be released in calories , so that near the surface of the ground or crop or crop the air temperature is higher than ground surface temperature , which is conducive to retention of the smoke does not escape very quickly , so in the evening and early morning to put cigarettes are easily succeed ;
③ The wind will change the flow of smoke and running speed and breadth of smoke in the wind when you put a small can achieve better control effect ;
④ sea breeze and land breeze in the adjacent waters of the land , the morning wind blows from the land surface of the water , that the breeze ; evening wind blowing from the land surface ,hand pump sprayers that the sea breeze . Alternating in the sea breeze and land breeze during the ground appeared calm wind zone ;
⑤ easy to smoke low-lying land , cold region is relatively concentrated . Study, the airflow and topography, can be successfully used in the open method of fumigation .

Nai has three functions

( A ) prevent herbicide injury . In the use of herbicides Jiarunaian , prevention and mitigation of herbicides on crops hidden injury.

( 2 ) treatment of herbicide injury . Due to improper use of herbicides or herbicide residues resulting from injury , can accelerate the decomposition of crop spraying Shinai An herbicide residues in vivo , the crop quickly restore normal growth .

( 3 ) decomposition of soil residues . Continuous use Nai , can completely decompose herbicide residues in soil , reduce herbicide on the crop after crop of sensitive safety interval , increasing crop rotation flexibility , prevent injury after crop emergence .

Nai simple and easy to use , and the closure both herbicides, mixed foliar treatment , can also be used alone ; but also can , and various insecticides, fungicides , fertilizer and conditioning agent mix. Specific methods are: 1, spray or IRRIGATING : 1 to 2 per acre with Nai watered 15 to 30 kg bag of flower sprayer spray or IRRIGATING ; 2 , dressing , soaking or dipping seedlings: a bag of 40 g with Nai , dubbed 100 to 200 times the liquid, 6 to 12 hours or soaking seedlings 5 to 10 minutes immersion . Specific methods of operation are: 1, liquor preparation: Nai whole bag into a small container, add appropriate amount of water, stir 3 to 5 minutes, so Nai fully dissolved , with a good liquor ; 2, the preparation of liquid : first drug barrels which add half a bucket of water, then pour the liquor with a good spray , then fill water spray.

Nai effects in a variety of crops are significant in the performance of soybean : soybean emergence flat leaves no shrinkage, growing strong, thick stem , root , root thick , tough , fibrous roots increased more than rhizobia and large ; while disease was significantly lighter ; latter part of the performance of low pod pods and more, more grains , grain bread , an increase in the range of 20 to 30%.

Nai use effect on maize showed no yellow seedlings, Dunmiao phenomenon ; corn seedling uniformity is good , dark green leaves , thickness, thick stem , root , yield significant results .

Nai use on cotton effect is very obvious, and the closure of herbicides after no black cotton seedlings after emergence , dead seedling rot and other phenomena ; lightweight cotton diseases ,perfume sprayer growing strong ; Leiling increased, fewer bells fall , the yield increased large .

Once the herbicide crop injury , spray Shinai An after 3 to 5 days will be able to quickly restore the crop growth .

Pear fertilization technology management

One , more organic fertilizer , organic fertilizer to improve soil fertility in pear trees need to grow not only contains a variety of nutrients , and can improve soil structure , increase soil nutrient buffering capacity , increase soil water holding capacity , improve soil aeration , reduce soil resistance to root growth is conducive to the growth of pear trees .

Second, the nitrogen fertilizer nitrogen is greater nutrient requirements pear one . Production of 100 kg of nitrogen per fruit absorbs about 0.4 to about 0.6 kg of nitrogen . The use of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and development of pear has a great impact. More appropriate in a range of nitrogen , an increase in the number of branches and leaves of pear , strengthen the role of tree vigor and increase production . However, if excessive nitrogen fertilizer will cause leggy shoots , fruit nutrition disorders caused not only induce calcium deficiency and other physiological occurrence of disease.

In the NPK , pear saplings more relative to the nitrogen , followed by potassium , phosphorus absorption less nitrogen is about 1 /5. Results , pear absorb the proportion of nitrogen and potassium saplings similar, but the increased uptake of phosphorus , nitrogen is about 1 /3. In fertilization should be different . Pear saplings period in general , according to the size of the tree , the amount of nitrogen fertilizer per year the amount of nitrogen in nitrogen Mushi count of 5 to 10 kg , after the result of the gradual increase to 15 to 20 kg , the individual needs more fertilizer varieties increased to 25 kg .

Pear nitrogen uptake by growing new shoots and young fruit enlargement period , followed by a second for the enlargement of the fruit ,backpack chemical sprayers the fruit after picking absorption is relatively small. Therefore, there are three main nitrogen fertilizer during the first period is the bud after fertilization before flowering certain amount of nitrogen topdressing can improve fruit setting rate , and promote the growth of foliage , leaf-fruit ratio helps to improve and maintain balance vegetative and reproductive growth , especially for the weaker saplings and tree vigor resulting tree foliage nitrogen fertilizer can help promote growth, enhance the role of tree vigor ; generally applied nitrogen fertilizer for the whole year is about 1/5 . But for the more prosperous fruit grower , generally not nitrogen fertilizer during this period to prevent excessive vegetative growth pear , affecting fruiting . The second period is the growth of new shoots Wang fertilization period, fruit enlargement period before the second , and with proper nitrogen fertilizer application of P and K , helps to increase productivity improve quality ; But do not topdressing prematurely , to prevent foliage the excessive vegetative growth , affecting pome fruit sugar content and quality ;low pressure sprayer this is about the year of fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer to 1/5 . The third period is the pome fertilization timely fertilizer before harvest the seeds for next spring and flowering prepare for the outcome ; generally about this period of the year nitrogen fertilizer applied to 1/ 5 . For more vigor weak and results pear, if not promptly after harvest chase Fertilizers , may be appropriate to re- apply a certain amount of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to restore vigor , easing tree nutrient deficiency , pear growth for the coming year to prepare .

Contraindication to the use of pesticides

1 , avoid using well water dispensers . Well water contains more calcium, magnesium and other minerals , which react with the liquid easily precipitate , thus reducing the efficacy.

2 , avoid sewage Pharmaceuticals. Sewage containing impurities, after dispensing spray nozzle clog back pack sprayer , while also undermine the stability of the liquid , reduce the efficacy.

3, avoid rain days and high temperatures spraying. Windy spraying pesticides will drift ; rain spraying , liquid rain washed easily reduced efficacy ; temperatures spraying, prone to injury and poisoning. Therefore, the best time of application lies in : 8:00 to 11:00 , 16:00 to 6:00 . Weather permitting , the breeze when spraying.

4, avoid misuse of pesticides. Should be based on crop type , control objects and agents using the corresponding properties of different pesticides , so that the right medicine , and contraindications blindly increase the amount of pesticide , resulting in increased resistance to pests and reduce the control effect , but also prone to injury.

5, avoid spraying flowering . Spraying of crops and fruit trees in bloom , prone to injury .

6 , avoid preharvest trigger sprayer spraying. Since pesticide residues in crops to produce , if preharvest spraying, drug residues easily lead poisoning after eating people .

7 , avoid a medicine used in conjunction . Long-term use of one or formulations of pesticides , easy to make pest control effect and reduce resistance and therefore should alternate medication.

Opportunity for germs Summer car maintenance

Although the countries have been closely monitored , but the recent outbreak of H1N1 influenza in Mexico is still spreading rapidly worldwide , and its propagation speed and panic caused by the heart to the people almost caught up with a few years ago "atypical pneumonia ." Of course, China has not yet found cases , the people have had no need to panic , but everything should be prepared for the worst , especially in humid and rainy summer has come , the more the breeding provides a breeding ground for bacteria . As a car owner , how to avoid letting your car become a carrier of infectious bacteria , we need to do is scientifically clean cars, do not give the opportunity to stay the spread of germs .
Mats

The car is most likely dirty mats . It is direct contact with the shoes, rain shoes will absorb rainwater . If left unattended , it is easy to mold, bacteria and become other hiding places . How to thoroughly clean it then ?

The mats folded up out the car, in order to avoid the dust falling on the vehicle. After removing the dust with a duster dust them off . In again with a brush before flushing to clear the dust deep crevice . If you can often do, can effectively suppress the lice or odors . Next, the entire water wet mat after stepping down on the mat will detergent , be careful not to pour too much. If pure wool with long hair and is made ​​of advanced materials such as mats , it is recommended to use special wool washing liquid detergent such , will not hurt the fiber, but also cleaned and mats will look fluffy and soft . When the detergent covered on a treadmill mat , to re- use a brush , especially the driver's seat with a mat, more force is needed to brush . Scrub depending hair brush along the array direction . Then rinse detergent must take very clean, while using softener. Finally, there is dry. If it is long-haired mats , to try to make wool bristling , then put mats to dry thoroughly dry diagonally .

Ceiling

Car roof roof cleaning method according to the inside of the material, the color varies . Use light-colored cloth seat cleaner. First seat prostrate , then towel or chair cover to cover , to prevent the roof dripping water or detergent contamination. And then poured into water and spray detergent liquid , spraying the roof . After a little foaming cleanser gently scrub with a brush . Note that using a soft brush and lighter than the intensity . Otherwise easy to pilling , but also hurt the fabric . Wait until the dirt floating on the surface , then use a towel wrung wipe the foam . The rest of the dirt , can be removed with detergent . Dark lines you want to check the extent of its dirty , just use a clean wet towel and gently wipe the surface of the can. If the stick is above the white towel brown dirt ,fruit tree sprayer which means that the roof has been dirty . No matter what kind of car every two to three months can use this method check again. If you find that you can wipe clean with a wet towel , then I need to use a cleaning agent .

Seat

When cleaning the seat , the seat of dust and dirt to be dealt with separately. First with a vacuum cleaner on the surface of the residual net absorption of garbage or dust with a wet towel ( preferably white ) Wipe the surface of the seat . If still not clean, then cleaning agent to do the cleaning work. If dirty, clean with detergent directly seat .

Quality velvet seat cleaning method , the first step is to first open all the doors , with a duster to dust duster clean with a vacuum cleaner to suck out the garbage . Then wash using detergent to try to let loose foam in the seat surface, so attached to the seat surface dirt float. Wait until the foam gradually reduced, then scrub . Scrub brush is best to use the bath body brush or cleaning the face , because their hardness and the length of the bristles are just right, it is also very easy to use . Do not scrub scrub , trigger sprayer simply brush gently brushed the seat surface can be, that would be enough eyes to see the dirt brush down. Finally, then wrung wet towel drying the foam . After cleaning, the door is fully open , allowing the car to maintain good ventilation condition , in order to dry the seat as soon as possible .

Rice herbicide injury remedies

Use herbicide antidote

Selective herbicides in small add or with an antidote , can improve the selectivity of the herbicide , hand pump sprayers the crop from toxic herbicides . When injury caused by improper use of herbicides can also be used to reduce injury antidote . Antidote used :
( 1 ) naphthalenic : dressing for the selective protection agents, seeds can be absorbed , and in the roots and leaves -inhibiting herbicides on crop damage. To seed weight 0.5% to 1 % of the naphthalene anhydride mixed rice seeds , make rice from Gerbera special, vernolate , oats enemy , molinate and other thiocarbamate herbicides damage .
( 2 ) Dichlormid : EPTC is to prevent damage to corn special protection agent. It can be used for seed dressing , can be sprayed with herbicides for soil treatment . Average amount of acres 10 ~ 45g The agent also has a protective effect on rice to make rice from vernolate , oats fear , molinate , cable, Doyle , and other herbicides acetochlor Butachlor damage .
(3) OM: Sexual Abuse agent for the foliage spray the agent and the plant has a high affinity for the stratum corneum of the epidermis , the plants can be formed on the surface layer of protection against herbicides enter. Its use in lieu of grass g rice detoxification .
(4) 2,4,6-T: The agent with 2,4 -D antagonism , reduce Benthiocarb bud stage in rice on rice injury. In addition, some sterilization, pesticides and plant growth regulating agents may also be used as a herbicide antidote. If bakanae Spirit is the soil treatment fungicide , used to process rice seedbed , can reduce simazine , chlornitrofen other toxic herbicides on seedlings , improve seedling survival. GA ( 920 ) may be discharged by 2,4-D caused injury to rice and cotton MCPA poisoning . Phytotoxicity symptoms occur in rice , 40 units per acre with 10kg content gibberellin solution foliage perfume sprayer spray , can quickly restore normal growth of rice .

Paddy herbicide injury arising from these areas

Wind conditions . Spraying herbicide, wind conditions can lead to herbicide spray drift , causing sensitive crop injury . Particularly in hand sprayer spray 2,4-D, MCPA and other herbicides , if larger the wind , the wind will cause crop injury . Glyphosate , paraquat Herbicide when wind causes droplet spatter can cause a variety of crops were affected by injury.


Soil texture. Viscous heavy, high organic matter content of the soil, strong adsorption of pesticides , pharmaceuticals little mobility in the soil . The sandy soil organic matter content is low, the absorbed weak, easy to leaching in the soil easy to spread , easy to make some of the crop phytotoxicity . Such as water-soluble high linuron , prometryn simetryne and other herbicides in the sandy soil is easy to make crops suffer injury.

In short , causing crop injury variety of reasons, but the most fundamental reason is the human factor . If garden water sprayer spraying is not master application techniques , blind indiscriminate use that drug misuse , or use of any increase dose or concentration , growth stages in inappropriate medication, or use the herbicide sprayer is not thoroughly cleaned , even if used for pest control disease prevention , may result in crop injury .

Selection and use of pesticides currently the main problems

By pesticides to control, China's annual direct economic losses of about 80 billion yuan, but China's pesticide use process there are still many problems in the new market economy, how to improve the scientific and rational pesticide selection and safe use of work to produce quality and safety of agricultural production and the rural economy has become a top priority.

Pesticide production from our current situation, the national production of more than 2,600 enterprises, registering about 500 varieties of more than 600 agents, the product of more than 20,000. 2009, pesticide output reached 1,849,200 tons, of which pesticide production was 657,000 tons, accounting for the proportion of total pesticide 43.43%. Herbicides cumulative production of 650,500 tons, accounting for pesticides herbicides proportion of 42.99 percent of total output. Fungicide total output reached 205,300 tons, accounting for pesticides fungicides proportion of 13.57 percent of total production. Ranking first in the world.

In recent years, China's cultivated land area remained at about 110 million hectares, sown area of ​​23.46 million mu of crops, pests and diseases in an area of ​​about 56 million mu of times, control area of ​​58 mu Ci. Pesticides to control through an annual direct economic losses of about 80 billion yuan, pesticide input-output ratio of about 1:6-10. In the new market economy, how to further improve the scientific and rational choice and pesticide safe use, produce high-quality and safe agricultural production of rural economy has become imperative.

Seven current issue of pesticide use

Select Pharmacy unscientific. First, the farmers did not understand the control object, and a variety of pests and diseases when the indiscriminate use of pesticides habits, even with insecticides to combat diseases. Second, the abuse of highly toxic, high residue pesticide phenomena still occur. The continuous enrichment of these pesticides not only led to excessive pesticide residues in crops, but also seriously pollute the environment.

Period or improper use of crop hand pump sprayers spraying. First to fight drugs is not timely, but no worms do not fight drugs, and saw a lot of worms occurred resort drugs, drugs to fight the best time delay. Second, do not follow the index medication, see the insects on governance, see the diseases prevention, not only affect crop growth and development, and can cause contamination of agricultural produce grain. Third, the abuse of hormone pesticides.

Pharmaceutical preparation unscientific. Often formulated out of the solution concentration is too high, resulting in an increase of pesticide residues in produce injury. Also increases the speed of pest resistance.

Spraying poor results. The following main reasons: First, when the fear of effort to fight drugs, the easy way, liquid spraying is not in place, uneven plant bore, dorsal often vain drugs, some arbitrarily increase the manual sprayer  piece caliber, or even remove the sheet to make uniform contact with the discharge of the liquid can not parasites, it is difficult to obtain a good control effect. Second, do not look at the weather, time, free agents. Regardless of temperature, humidity, wind and other weather, random fight drug control effects caused by poor or personnel injury or even poisoning. Three, resulting in pesticide application equipment behind effective utilization rate. According to expert estimates, the effective utilization of pesticides only

20% to 30%, far below the developed countries, 50% to 60% on average.

Use unscientific. First, the reliance on chemical pesticides is serious. Do not know how rational use of agricultural, biological, physical and other integrated pest control techniques, but blindly extensive use of chemical pesticides. Second, the use of pesticides pharmaceutical blind mix, making pest resistant or cause injury occurred. Three are free to increase drug concentration and dose.

Expert Weapon scientific and technological means to reduce disaster losses

Five Keys rice disaster management

Most of the current rice at booting to flowering stage, and ratoon rice at tillering stage. Therefore, flooded after early, mid-season manage to remember five points.

First, as soon as drainage. In the vegetative growth of rice, the most intolerant of flooded rice can cause death. Timely drainage, as soon as possible so that the tip of rice out of the water. As waterlogged paddy more fear of drought, if on cloudy days, can take a one-time drainage; case scorching hot weather, you should first make rice plants exposed upper surface of the water, then drain the rice water in the afternoon.

Second Dingmiao wash Miao Miao Fu. Strains of rice seedlings by hand propped the lodging and earth given root. As long as the ground is not completely lodging rice, can be put into a small bundle through artificial ways to save. Can also be used with a nylon rope tied weeds. Disaster is often attached to a layer of rice leaves sediment will affect photosynthesis. Subject Sunrise, leaves white, can be used on the blades pull the rope, or water power sprayer spray with spray, hydroplaning rice plants silt and other debris.

Third, pest and disease control. After the flood, many leaves appear wounds, the most prone to bacterial leaf blight, rice blast and other pests, blight available MBAMT WP, WP 1 leaf blight spray watered; blast control can be used tricyclic azole WP; or 45% blast Trane colloidal suspension agent.

Four is reasonable irrigation. After the rice fields flooded deepwater management should not try to take the moist management, adopt Dry wet irrigation methods, exposed mud promote root, garden sprayer backpack lower humidity field, the possibility of reducing the incidence of rice. Both to ensure the rice plant water needs, but also to ensure soil aeration, and promote root Upper Nodes occur quantity, strong vitality. Filling late, taking care to avoid premature shutoff.

Five is the importance of potash fertilizer application. Potash can enhance lodging resistance, but also enhance resistance to disease and improving rice paddy seed rate. Disaster must pay attention to the combined application of potash. 7.5 kg of potassium chloride can be applied per acre to 10 kilograms.

Rainy season should pay attention to these pesticides

Adding liquid adhesives and auxiliary synergist. The washing powder, tapioca Whey, dry tea leachate, which are substances added adhesion pesticides, can enhance crop pesticides and pest parasites in the adhesion, thereby improving control effect. Method is: per 50 kg of liquid detergent agent added 50 to 75 grams, or tapioca 100 to 150 grams, or tea dry leaching filtrate from 250 to 300 grams, stir timely hand held sprayer spraying. Note that the best now with the current, non-long home. In addition, 0.1% of pesticides harmful legislation pingxiao anti-liquid (Health-funded companies have sold) and other synergists, the control efficiency can be increased significantly. Detergent, dry tea with acidic leachate generally should not mix pesticides.

Appropriate to increase the liquid concentration. Rainy season should be increased spraying pesticide concentration (except for highly toxic pesticides), disease, pest control, weeding effect can only be guaranteed. If the concentration of a pesticide used from 1000 to 1500 times during the rainy season can be 800 to 1000 times.

Improved application methods. If you choose a systemic insecticide, before the occurrence of a large area in Pest, fine soil mixed with soil applied into the roots of crops, so that plants absorb, resulting in pest feeding poisoned and died. Spray pesticide before use long smooth bamboo gently roll off the drops of water on the plants and then spraying. Fight drugs when changing the traditional front row in front of the word body swing nozzle to nozzle sideways swing of the word, so that aisle just spray the liquid on the plants would not have been a result of people walking sweep. Wherever conditions permit, the rainy season can be used ULV sprayer spraying mist particles such devices uniformly fine, easily plant leaves, stems stick without loss. The knapsack power sprayer spray spray pole 1.3 mm aperture diameter of 0.7 mm slice into pieces of stainless steel spray has the same control effect, pay attention to the preparation of liquid with a fine mesh water filter, plug the hole in the BOP.

Herbicide nicosulfuron phytotoxicity

Herbicide ( metsulfuron beans )

( A ) the cause of the injury . Previous crop herbicide application or locally significant dose is too high , the residue in the soil after herbicide crop of corn can produce injury .

( Two ) phytotoxicity symptoms. Soil treatment with herbicides , corn seedling growth inhibition , shorter taproot and lateral buds grow slowly, grow yellow leaves . With herbicides stems, leaves treatment, foliar chlorosis starts from the base , yellow, purple , and gradually extended to the whole leaf . Sometimes leaves rolled into a simple shape , easy to expand . Growth inhibition, plants grow shorter .

( Three ) injury prevention and mitigation measures . Herbicide should not be used for corn , especially not in the pre-emergence application . Qiancha soybean field applied herbicide excessive or uneven flower sprayer spraying , the latter should not be planting corn stubble .

Nicosulfuron ( Nicosulfuron )

( A ) the cause of the injury . With herbicides stem, leaf processing , corn Nicosulfuron resistant , normal application generally does not produce injury , only spraying excessive, excessive or topical drugs appear when the phytotoxicity symptoms. Shi Guo organophosphate insecticides Zaishi nicosulfuron may produce injury.

( Two ) phytotoxicity symptoms. With herbicides stems, leaves treatment, heart back green leaf base , or irregular chlorotic leaf spot . Some leaves curling into a tubular shape , margin shrinkage, affecting leaf extract . Some growth was lodging oblique shape . Growth inhibition, dwarf plants .

( Three ) injury prevention and mitigation measures . Avoid excessive hand pump sprayers spraying, spraying to ensure uniformity . Phytotoxicity generally do not take action. With naphthalene dicarboxylic anhydride for corn seed coating can reduce Nicosulfuron role with organophosphate insecticides caused injury.

Herbicide injury causes

( A ) atrazine

Atrazine known atrazine , at high temperatures , bases and inorganic acids which can be hydrolyzed to the free hydroxy derivative herbicidal activity . In maize, the allowable residues of 0.02 × 10-6. Commercially available preparations are 50% and 40% WP suspension concentrate . Atrazine is a selective preemergence within the suction type , postemergence herbicides used . Right corn can control annual grass weeds and broadleaf weeds, weeds for some years there is a certain extent. Corn premedication after sowing , the soil organic matter content of l% ~ 2% of the area per acre with 40% of plastic hanging from 175 to 200 ml , organic matter content of 3% to 5 %, and more areas of weeds per acre with 40% colloidal suspension agent

200 to 250 ml , sandy soil with a lower limit , with a ceiling on clay , 1 to 3 days after sowing , add water to 30 kg with a sprayer to spray the soil surface . Corn postemergence treatment can be carried out in the four -leaf stage . Pre-treatment with the vaccine requirements essentially the same . The herbicide on beans and peach sensitive medication should strictly intended.

( 2 ) 2,4 - butylate

Pure product is colorless oily liquid , volatile , when alkali decomposition. EC formulation is 72% . The herbicide is selective herbicide absorption within the main control cereal crops Tanaka dicotyledonous weeds and some weed . Corn after emergence spraying 4-5 leaf stage ,garden pressure sprayers 45 to 90 gram per acre with water 15 to 75 grams of dried , spray weed foliage . If preemergence treatment, after sowing

3 to 5 days spraying is appropriate , the dosage of 50 to 100 per acre

Grams, add water l5 ~ 75 kg. Generally valid for three to six weeks , on a single , dicotyledonous weeds are valid. Cotton, soybeans and other crops against harmful when used to have a certain area of ​​separation.

Injury causes : too late spraying, application rate is too high or uneven spraying may produce injury.

Injury symptoms : soil treatment with herbicides , shoots bend, young roots grow upward , after the return to normal. With herbicides stems, leaves treatment, twisted stems , leaves narrow, sometimes wrinkled , heart -shaped leaves rolled into oxtail difficult draw , stem brittle, easily broken , the stem base was goose -like, easy to lodging .

Injury prevention and mitigation measures: use herbicides stems, leaves treated should not exceed 5-leaf stage ,pressure sprayers the dosage should not be more than 1080 g per hectare . Soil treatment with herbicide per hectare dosage should not exceed

2160 g . To ensure uniform spraying . Swallowed the medicine , immediately induce vomiting , gastric lavage, oral administration of 10 % ferrous sulfate , every 15 to 30 minutes 10 ml , serving a total of 3 to 5 times. Do not use warm water lavage to avoid promote absorption.

Note the use of pesticides hot season

Most pesticides and toxic substances for the chemical substances in the control crop pests plays a pivotal role. However, if the use or improper operation can easily cause human, animal or crop phytotoxicity poisoning . Summer hot season , at the peak of a variety of pests and mixed hair , prevention of drug use is more frequent in pesticide use should pay attention to the following points:

1, the preparation of liquid when dispensing personnel should wear rubber gloves , in accordance with a prescribed dose of medicine , said measuring liquid or powder, are not free to increase or decrease the dosage . Preparation of liquid mixing prohibited by hand directly .

2, mixed drug use tool to stir , how much , how much mix , as used with the configuration of the liquid ; mix over the drug should be used seed sowing machines . As with the artificial hand or point spread species , should wear rubber gloves. Right mix of seeds over the remaining drug should be destroyed , not as food or feed use .

3, where the sickly , suffering from skin diseases and pesticide poisoning and other diseases has not been restored healthy , lactating , pregnant , menstruating women , skin lesions healed , shall not be suspended spraying or spraying operations .

4 , the use of pesticides should be interlaced knapsack sprayer spraying spray can spray while swinging left and right sides , to downwind spray. Try to avoid the midday heat period winds and spray. And note that the liquid medicine is not overfilled bins to avoid spray liquid shake out operations outside the barrel , pollution caused by pesticide poisoning symptoms of their bodies .

5 , should be carefully examined before fruit tree sprayers spraying Medical Device switches, connectors , etc. screws are tightened to avoid " drip , run, run, drain " caused by pesticide pollution . Clogging the spray process , the application of water rinse after troubleshooting. Absolute prohibition of mouth pipetting nozzle or strainer .