( A ) atrazine
Atrazine known atrazine , at high temperatures , bases and inorganic acids which can be hydrolyzed to the free hydroxy derivative herbicidal activity . In maize, the allowable residues of 0.02 × 10-6. Commercially available preparations are 50% and 40% WP suspension concentrate . Atrazine is a selective preemergence within the suction type , postemergence herbicides used . Right corn can control annual grass weeds and broadleaf weeds, weeds for some years there is a certain extent. Corn premedication after sowing , the soil organic matter content of l% ~ 2% of the area per acre with 40% of plastic hanging from 175 to 200 ml , organic matter content of 3% to 5 %, and more areas of weeds per acre with 40% colloidal suspension agent
200 to 250 ml , sandy soil with a lower limit , with a ceiling on clay , 1 to 3 days after sowing , add water to 30 kg with a sprayer to spray the soil surface . Corn postemergence treatment can be carried out in the four -leaf stage . Pre-treatment with the vaccine requirements essentially the same . The herbicide on beans and peach sensitive medication should strictly intended.
( 2 ) 2,4 - butylate
Pure product is colorless oily liquid , volatile , when alkali decomposition. EC formulation is 72% . The herbicide is selective herbicide absorption within the main control cereal crops Tanaka dicotyledonous weeds and some weed . Corn after emergence spraying 4-5 leaf stage ,garden pressure sprayers 45 to 90 gram per acre with water 15 to 75 grams of dried , spray weed foliage . If preemergence treatment, after sowing
3 to 5 days spraying is appropriate , the dosage of 50 to 100 per acre
Grams, add water l5 ~ 75 kg. Generally valid for three to six weeks , on a single , dicotyledonous weeds are valid. Cotton, soybeans and other crops against harmful when used to have a certain area of separation.
Injury causes : too late spraying, application rate is too high or uneven spraying may produce injury.
Injury symptoms : soil treatment with herbicides , shoots bend, young roots grow upward , after the return to normal. With herbicides stems, leaves treatment, twisted stems , leaves narrow, sometimes wrinkled , heart -shaped leaves rolled into oxtail difficult draw , stem brittle, easily broken , the stem base was goose -like, easy to lodging .
Injury prevention and mitigation measures: use herbicides stems, leaves treated should not exceed 5-leaf stage ,pressure sprayers the dosage should not be more than 1080 g per hectare . Soil treatment with herbicide per hectare dosage should not exceed
2160 g . To ensure uniform spraying . Swallowed the medicine , immediately induce vomiting , gastric lavage, oral administration of 10 % ferrous sulfate , every 15 to 30 minutes 10 ml , serving a total of 3 to 5 times. Do not use warm water lavage to avoid promote absorption.
02
2013年9月13日星期五
2013年9月11日星期三
Note the use of pesticides hot season
Most pesticides and toxic substances for the chemical substances in the control crop pests plays a pivotal role. However, if the use or improper operation can easily cause human, animal or crop phytotoxicity poisoning . Summer hot season , at the peak of a variety of pests and mixed hair , prevention of drug use is more frequent in pesticide use should pay attention to the following points:
1, the preparation of liquid when dispensing personnel should wear rubber gloves , in accordance with a prescribed dose of medicine , said measuring liquid or powder, are not free to increase or decrease the dosage . Preparation of liquid mixing prohibited by hand directly .
2, mixed drug use tool to stir , how much , how much mix , as used with the configuration of the liquid ; mix over the drug should be used seed sowing machines . As with the artificial hand or point spread species , should wear rubber gloves. Right mix of seeds over the remaining drug should be destroyed , not as food or feed use .
3, where the sickly , suffering from skin diseases and pesticide poisoning and other diseases has not been restored healthy , lactating , pregnant , menstruating women , skin lesions healed , shall not be suspended spraying or spraying operations .
4 , the use of pesticides should be interlaced knapsack sprayer spraying spray can spray while swinging left and right sides , to downwind spray. Try to avoid the midday heat period winds and spray. And note that the liquid medicine is not overfilled bins to avoid spray liquid shake out operations outside the barrel , pollution caused by pesticide poisoning symptoms of their bodies .
5 , should be carefully examined before fruit tree sprayers spraying Medical Device switches, connectors , etc. screws are tightened to avoid " drip , run, run, drain " caused by pesticide pollution . Clogging the spray process , the application of water rinse after troubleshooting. Absolute prohibition of mouth pipetting nozzle or strainer .
1, the preparation of liquid when dispensing personnel should wear rubber gloves , in accordance with a prescribed dose of medicine , said measuring liquid or powder, are not free to increase or decrease the dosage . Preparation of liquid mixing prohibited by hand directly .
2, mixed drug use tool to stir , how much , how much mix , as used with the configuration of the liquid ; mix over the drug should be used seed sowing machines . As with the artificial hand or point spread species , should wear rubber gloves. Right mix of seeds over the remaining drug should be destroyed , not as food or feed use .
3, where the sickly , suffering from skin diseases and pesticide poisoning and other diseases has not been restored healthy , lactating , pregnant , menstruating women , skin lesions healed , shall not be suspended spraying or spraying operations .
4 , the use of pesticides should be interlaced knapsack sprayer spraying spray can spray while swinging left and right sides , to downwind spray. Try to avoid the midday heat period winds and spray. And note that the liquid medicine is not overfilled bins to avoid spray liquid shake out operations outside the barrel , pollution caused by pesticide poisoning symptoms of their bodies .
5 , should be carefully examined before fruit tree sprayers spraying Medical Device switches, connectors , etc. screws are tightened to avoid " drip , run, run, drain " caused by pesticide pollution . Clogging the spray process , the application of water rinse after troubleshooting. Absolute prohibition of mouth pipetting nozzle or strainer .
Rice increased fertilization promoting premature technical measures
Due to floods , the province in many places rice seedlings time later , transplanting seedlings seedling age is short, weak growth of the seedlings , the latter by the " cold dew wind" greater threat . This paper proposes increasing rice fertilization promoting premature technical measures are as follows :
A timely topdressing reviving tillering . First, the lack of seedling age , growth was slow plots, in August 20 topdressing nitrogen and potassium , to promote tillering turning green . Topdressing urea fertilizer per acre 5-7.5 kg , potassium or potash for fertilizer application is not enough plots , potassium chloride 5 kg per acre Gasch . Two for planting late, too weak Miaoqing plots in topdressing urea ( 7.5-10 kg / mu ) at the same time ,hand pump sprayers available " nine hundred twenty " modifier for foliar application , in order to accelerate growth of rice . Usage: mu with " nine hundred twenty " modifier 1 to 2 grams watered 50 kg foliar spray 1. Three for the seedling age is normal but slow growth bias plots , topdressing urea 4-5 kg per mu , bottom plots potassium deficiency , topdressing potassium chloride 3-4 kg .
2 , early foliar strong Postheading . In the Sept. 15 , to take the way topdressing spraying strong Postheading spike . Application method : first , as the growth of the seedlings 3-5 kg of urea per acre applicator , and then 0.5 kg 0.5 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.25 kg 50 kg watered after mixing choose cloudy or sunny 9:00 before or after 4 pm with a sprayer for spraying . Were back pack sprayer sprayed twice at intervals of 4-5 days is appropriate. Note sprayer spraying fertilizer used repeatedly washed with water before , herbicides and other residues resulting seedlings to avoid injury.
A timely topdressing reviving tillering . First, the lack of seedling age , growth was slow plots, in August 20 topdressing nitrogen and potassium , to promote tillering turning green . Topdressing urea fertilizer per acre 5-7.5 kg , potassium or potash for fertilizer application is not enough plots , potassium chloride 5 kg per acre Gasch . Two for planting late, too weak Miaoqing plots in topdressing urea ( 7.5-10 kg / mu ) at the same time ,hand pump sprayers available " nine hundred twenty " modifier for foliar application , in order to accelerate growth of rice . Usage: mu with " nine hundred twenty " modifier 1 to 2 grams watered 50 kg foliar spray 1. Three for the seedling age is normal but slow growth bias plots , topdressing urea 4-5 kg per mu , bottom plots potassium deficiency , topdressing potassium chloride 3-4 kg .
2 , early foliar strong Postheading . In the Sept. 15 , to take the way topdressing spraying strong Postheading spike . Application method : first , as the growth of the seedlings 3-5 kg of urea per acre applicator , and then 0.5 kg 0.5 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.25 kg 50 kg watered after mixing choose cloudy or sunny 9:00 before or after 4 pm with a sprayer for spraying . Were back pack sprayer sprayed twice at intervals of 4-5 days is appropriate. Note sprayer spraying fertilizer used repeatedly washed with water before , herbicides and other residues resulting seedlings to avoid injury.
The use of pesticides to be particularly careful
Crop pest control should follow the " prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control " approach to minimize the frequency of use of chemical pesticides and amount , in order to mitigate environmental , quality and safety of agricultural products .
First, a good grasp of medication period. Most pests and diseases in the early stages , the symptoms are mild , such as cotton wilt disease early fungicide IRRIGATING effect, after the outbreak of a large area , even if multiple dosing , the loss is difficult to restore. Before the third instar caterpillar is easy to control . Therefore , the majority of sterilization, the effect of pesticides is not bad, but missed the best use of time .
Second, a good grasp of the dosage, water . Some friends of farmers in the use of pesticides , in order to reduce the workload , more drugs are often less water . In fact, the effective concentration of pesticides , the effect is good or bad depends on the coverage of liquid , such as knapsack sprayers spraying herbicide Butralin closed soil , the soil moisture is poor, you must increase the amount of water in order to form a closed membrane , or liquid only spotty distribution , reach closure weeding effect. In spraying insecticide, fungicide , sufficient water is necessary, because the eggs , germs are more concentrated in the surface of leaf , close roots in the soil, if less water when spraying , it is difficult to do the whole plant garden water sprayer spray thoroughly, the residual dead eggs , residual bacteria it is easy to outbreaks. Blindly increase the concentration of pesticide use will strengthen the bacteria, pest resistance, exceeding safe concentration injury will occur . Therefore, simply increasing solution concentration , often counterproductive .
Three is to choose the good performance of the application equipment . Should choose the regular manufacturers of Medical Device , regular replacement of worn nozzle. Spraying of herbicides should be dedicated Equipments .
Fourth, pay attention to the rotation medication. Even the best varieties of pesticides can not be long-term continuous use. Because, in an area where a certain kind of long-term single-use pesticides, will inevitably lead to the effect decreased, resulting in resistance to control objects , the correct approach is to rotate different types of pesticides.
Fifth, strict compliance with the safety interval specified. Pesticide safety interval refers to the last application to harvest crops, the number of days that the ban on the use of pesticides before harvest days . In actual production , the last crop spraying to harvest time should be specified on the label than the safety interval length . To ensure that agricultural residues are not exceeded, the security can not be harvested during the interval .
First, a good grasp of medication period. Most pests and diseases in the early stages , the symptoms are mild , such as cotton wilt disease early fungicide IRRIGATING effect, after the outbreak of a large area , even if multiple dosing , the loss is difficult to restore. Before the third instar caterpillar is easy to control . Therefore , the majority of sterilization, the effect of pesticides is not bad, but missed the best use of time .
Second, a good grasp of the dosage, water . Some friends of farmers in the use of pesticides , in order to reduce the workload , more drugs are often less water . In fact, the effective concentration of pesticides , the effect is good or bad depends on the coverage of liquid , such as knapsack sprayers spraying herbicide Butralin closed soil , the soil moisture is poor, you must increase the amount of water in order to form a closed membrane , or liquid only spotty distribution , reach closure weeding effect. In spraying insecticide, fungicide , sufficient water is necessary, because the eggs , germs are more concentrated in the surface of leaf , close roots in the soil, if less water when spraying , it is difficult to do the whole plant garden water sprayer spray thoroughly, the residual dead eggs , residual bacteria it is easy to outbreaks. Blindly increase the concentration of pesticide use will strengthen the bacteria, pest resistance, exceeding safe concentration injury will occur . Therefore, simply increasing solution concentration , often counterproductive .
Three is to choose the good performance of the application equipment . Should choose the regular manufacturers of Medical Device , regular replacement of worn nozzle. Spraying of herbicides should be dedicated Equipments .
Fourth, pay attention to the rotation medication. Even the best varieties of pesticides can not be long-term continuous use. Because, in an area where a certain kind of long-term single-use pesticides, will inevitably lead to the effect decreased, resulting in resistance to control objects , the correct approach is to rotate different types of pesticides.
Fifth, strict compliance with the safety interval specified. Pesticide safety interval refers to the last application to harvest crops, the number of days that the ban on the use of pesticides before harvest days . In actual production , the last crop spraying to harvest time should be specified on the label than the safety interval length . To ensure that agricultural residues are not exceeded, the security can not be harvested during the interval .
Turfgrass Basics
Cool-season turfgrass main features
Optimum growth temperature is 15 ~ 25 ℃, distribution north, northeast, northwest . Hardy, long green period of the year there are two growing peak spring and summer slow growth, and the emergence of the phenomenon of dormancy . Rapid growth, good quality , wide use ; available seed propagation , vegetative propagation can also be used ; poor heat resistance , poor resistance to diseases and pests , requiring fine management . High administrative costs .
The main application of lawn grass as several genera : Poa , Lolium , Festuca and Agrostis spp.
Warm-season turfgrass main features
Optimum growth temperature is 25 ~ 35 ℃, the Yangtze River and southern regions. Heat- year growth of only one peak of summer , spring growth is slow , versatile, can be propagated by seed , vegetative propagation can also be used , often vegetative propagation , pest resistant ability, management is relatively extensive ; green short, quality uneven.
The main application of lawn grass as several genera : mainly in the following eight genera: Zoysia , buffalo grass genus Cynodon , carpet grass genus, centipede grass genus, water power sprayer obtuse leaf grass genus Paspalum , Eragrostis .
Other Lawn: clover, horseshoe gold , safflower shamrock , Radix , Zephyranthes .
Weed Basics
Statistics lawn weeds now there are nearly 450 kinds of weeds , belonging to 45 families , 127 genera. Which Asteraceae 47 kinds ; Chenopodiaceae 18 kinds ; Gramineae nine kinds ; sedge 16 kinds ; Caryophyllaceae 14 kinds ; Labiatae 28 kinds ; Qiang The Section 13 kinds ; leguminous 27 kinds ; Umbelliferae 12 kinds ; Polygonaceae 27 kinds ; cruciferous 25 kinds ; Ranunculaceae 15 kinds ; Solanaceae 11 kinds ; Euphorbiaceae 11 kinds ; Liliaceae eight kinds ; poppy seven kinds ; Gentianaceae seven kinds . There are 60 kinds of main weeds .
Herbicides for weed control in accordance with the category of weeds can be divided into three categories , namely grass weeds ( sharp leaf grass ) , broadleaf weeds ( round leaf grass ) , sedge grass ( Spartina grass ) . Simple distinguish three kinds of weeds are as follows:
Weeds : leaves elongated ; back sprayers veins parallel ; stem section is circular ; roots fibrous root.
Broadleaf weeds: leaves broad ; veins reticulate ; stem section is round or square ; roots straight roots , there taproot .
Sedge weeds : leaves elongated ; veins parallel ; stem section is triangular ; roots fibrous root.
Optimum growth temperature is 15 ~ 25 ℃, distribution north, northeast, northwest . Hardy, long green period of the year there are two growing peak spring and summer slow growth, and the emergence of the phenomenon of dormancy . Rapid growth, good quality , wide use ; available seed propagation , vegetative propagation can also be used ; poor heat resistance , poor resistance to diseases and pests , requiring fine management . High administrative costs .
The main application of lawn grass as several genera : Poa , Lolium , Festuca and Agrostis spp.
Warm-season turfgrass main features
Optimum growth temperature is 25 ~ 35 ℃, the Yangtze River and southern regions. Heat- year growth of only one peak of summer , spring growth is slow , versatile, can be propagated by seed , vegetative propagation can also be used , often vegetative propagation , pest resistant ability, management is relatively extensive ; green short, quality uneven.
The main application of lawn grass as several genera : mainly in the following eight genera: Zoysia , buffalo grass genus Cynodon , carpet grass genus, centipede grass genus, water power sprayer obtuse leaf grass genus Paspalum , Eragrostis .
Other Lawn: clover, horseshoe gold , safflower shamrock , Radix , Zephyranthes .
Weed Basics
Statistics lawn weeds now there are nearly 450 kinds of weeds , belonging to 45 families , 127 genera. Which Asteraceae 47 kinds ; Chenopodiaceae 18 kinds ; Gramineae nine kinds ; sedge 16 kinds ; Caryophyllaceae 14 kinds ; Labiatae 28 kinds ; Qiang The Section 13 kinds ; leguminous 27 kinds ; Umbelliferae 12 kinds ; Polygonaceae 27 kinds ; cruciferous 25 kinds ; Ranunculaceae 15 kinds ; Solanaceae 11 kinds ; Euphorbiaceae 11 kinds ; Liliaceae eight kinds ; poppy seven kinds ; Gentianaceae seven kinds . There are 60 kinds of main weeds .
Herbicides for weed control in accordance with the category of weeds can be divided into three categories , namely grass weeds ( sharp leaf grass ) , broadleaf weeds ( round leaf grass ) , sedge grass ( Spartina grass ) . Simple distinguish three kinds of weeds are as follows:
Weeds : leaves elongated ; back sprayers veins parallel ; stem section is circular ; roots fibrous root.
Broadleaf weeds: leaves broad ; veins reticulate ; stem section is round or square ; roots straight roots , there taproot .
Sedge weeds : leaves elongated ; veins parallel ; stem section is triangular ; roots fibrous root.
2013年9月9日星期一
Cotton foliar choice
Considerations when buying fertilizer
Look at packaging and instructions
Formal compliance with national quality requirements foliar species should be marked: product name, manufacturer name and address ; agricultural fertilizer registration number , product standard number, name and active ingredient content , weight , date of production ; water power sprayer product is suitable crops for area , using methods and precautions.
Look dissolved
Can put a bag of fertilizer and about 1kg mixed with water to see its dissolution . If the fertilizer is dissolved , no precipitation , indicating that the product quality is good, effective high nutrient , nutrients, easy to be absorbed by crops . If the foliage is not completely dissolved , underwater sediment , indicating that the product quality, but off , easy to plug in when garden pressure sprayer spraying spray nozzle, crop nutrient utilization is not high .
Look formulations and dry blasting degrees
Currently on the market there are two types of solid and liquid fertilizer , in general, better than solid fertilizer liquid fertilizer . Solid fertilizer is divided into two kinds of granular and powdered , granular fertilizer is better than powdered . Because granular fertilizer through special processing , with convenient application , high degree of drying and easy to store and so on.
Look at packaging and instructions
Formal compliance with national quality requirements foliar species should be marked: product name, manufacturer name and address ; agricultural fertilizer registration number , product standard number, name and active ingredient content , weight , date of production ; water power sprayer product is suitable crops for area , using methods and precautions.
Look dissolved
Can put a bag of fertilizer and about 1kg mixed with water to see its dissolution . If the fertilizer is dissolved , no precipitation , indicating that the product quality is good, effective high nutrient , nutrients, easy to be absorbed by crops . If the foliage is not completely dissolved , underwater sediment , indicating that the product quality, but off , easy to plug in when garden pressure sprayer spraying spray nozzle, crop nutrient utilization is not high .
Look formulations and dry blasting degrees
Currently on the market there are two types of solid and liquid fertilizer , in general, better than solid fertilizer liquid fertilizer . Solid fertilizer is divided into two kinds of granular and powdered , granular fertilizer is better than powdered . Because granular fertilizer through special processing , with convenient application , high degree of drying and easy to store and so on.
Three Principles of the winter mixed pesticide
Winter indoor studio disease -prone , spraying more often, many farmers to reduce the frequency of spraying , reduce labor intensity , each spraying pesticides are mixed . Pesticide many species prone to problems when mixed , require special attention.
First, in order to accurately mixed pesticides . Fertilizer and pesticide mixtures in order: fertilizer, wettable powders, suspensions , liquid , cream then added , each adding a stir that mix, then add the next .
Two is to add water after dosing, the secondary dilution. Mixed , you can add the first half bucket of water in the v , add after the first pesticide mix. Then, the rest of the pesticide by a plastic bottle be diluted , diluted and poured into a sprayer , mix , and so on.
Third, use spray immediately after dispensing . In many cases, farmers generally will be at home with a good agent , and then transported to shed trigger sprayers spraying, when many agents have prepared several hours . Although just with the liquid does not respond when it does not mean you can be set free for a long time , or prone to react slowly , gradually reduce the efficacy .
In addition , farmers do not know when the pesticide can not be mixed , best first test a small area . Not only depends on the preparation when there is no response , but also to spend will not cause injury.
First, in order to accurately mixed pesticides . Fertilizer and pesticide mixtures in order: fertilizer, wettable powders, suspensions , liquid , cream then added , each adding a stir that mix, then add the next .
Two is to add water after dosing, the secondary dilution. Mixed , you can add the first half bucket of water in the v , add after the first pesticide mix. Then, the rest of the pesticide by a plastic bottle be diluted , diluted and poured into a sprayer , mix , and so on.
Third, use spray immediately after dispensing . In many cases, farmers generally will be at home with a good agent , and then transported to shed trigger sprayers spraying, when many agents have prepared several hours . Although just with the liquid does not respond when it does not mean you can be set free for a long time , or prone to react slowly , gradually reduce the efficacy .
In addition , farmers do not know when the pesticide can not be mixed , best first test a small area . Not only depends on the preparation when there is no response , but also to spend will not cause injury.
订阅：
博文 (Atom)